Principles of Data Protection Act-1984:

1.      Personal data must be obtained and processed fairly and lawfully.

2.      Personal data must be held for specified purposes.

3.      Personal data must not be used for any reason incompatible with its original purpose.

4.      Personal data must be relevant and adequate.

5.      Personal data must be accurate and up-to-date.

6.      Personal data must not be kept longer than necessary.

7.      Personal data must be made available to the individual concerned and provision made for corrections.

8.      Personal data must be kept secure.

Intranet

Many companies use intranets as well as the internet. The simple definition is “An intranet is a computer network based on internet technology, that is designed to meet the internal needs for sharing information within a single organisation/company”.

The main reasons for doing this include:

- safer since there is less chance of external hacking or viruses

- it is possible to prevent employees from accessing unwanted web sites

- companies can ensure that the information available is specific to their needs only

- it is easier to send out “sensitive” messages to remain within the company only

Some comparisons between internet and intranet include:

- the INTERNET is INTERnational NETwork

- an INTRANET is INTernal Restricted Access NETwork

- the intranet only gives local information relevant to the company/organisation

- it is possible to block access to certain sites using the intranet

- it is not always necessary to have external modems when using intranets

- information for use on intranets is stored on local servers

- the internet can be accessed from anywhere

- the internet is available to anyone, whereas the intranet requires password entry

- the intranet is behind a firewall

Call Centres

Computer systems have allowed companies to set up call centres in other countries where potential cost savings can be made. This, of course, can lead to job losses in the host country.

The main advantages to companies adopting call centres overseas include:

- if strikes or other problems occur in one country it is possible to transfer work elsewhere

- reduced costs in countries where labour costs are lower

- reduced costs due to incentives/grants by countries keen to set up call centre offices

- round the clock customer support (one of the advantages of time differences is the possibility of 24/7 cover)

There are, of course, disadvantages to having call centres overseas:

- language and culture problems

- animosity to overseas call centres (leading to loss of customers)

- need for extensive re-training which is time consuming and expensive

- time differences (can lead to health problems in call centre work force who need to work unsocial hours to target key markets)

- technology (does the infrastructure exist to service high tech equipment?)

Microprocessor Fitted Devices:

Microwave Oven :

Input: insertion of food, choosing cooking mode ( grilling, defrost, simple warm, jet warm), time of cooking. Press start button

Process: microprocessor will turn on lamp for heating/ cooking food and start rotating tray (plate where food is placed).while processor will reduce the given time till it reaches the null point.

Description: as soon as given time reaches the null point process section  will end.

Output: start buzzer or alarm to indicate the user that food is cooked. 

Continue buzzer till user press the door opening button. Cooked food

Washing machine:

Input: insertion of dirty cloths, washing powder, warm water, selection of washing mode (light washing, heavy washing, one way or two way).timer  selection, press start button.

Process: microprocessor will start rotating cloths for washing according to the given mode of washing till the given time span. when the given timer reaches the null point microprocessor will stop rotating cloths and pass the  electricity to the buzzer.

Output: sound buzzer to indicate that cloths are washed. And be in stand by mode. Clean cloths 

* Note: make sure if student write "putting dirty cloths" only in input or "clean cloths" only in output section examiners count them weak answers.

Features of Digital Camera are:

Ability to preview pictures

Pictures can be transferred to the computers which can be modified and developed instantly.

Contains larger capacity to store large amount of images.

Ability to put date and time.

Auto focus

Auto flash

Shutter speed

Disadvantages of using credit cards

People are unhappy to pay by credit card because this might put their accounts to risk since the credit card number could be hacked.